CREATING THE FIRST COMPONENT PART
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In this section the entire model, except the T junction, will be created. The
model to be created is composed of two pipes forming a 60-degree angle. To
start with, the first pipe will be created. This pipe will then be rotated to
create the second pipe.
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Select the ok layer and click on Layer To use . From now on, all
entities created will belong to the ok layer.
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Choose the Line option, located in Geometry
Create
Straight
line.
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Enter the following points: (0, 11), (8, 11), (8, 31), (11, 31), (11, 11) and
(15, 11). Press ESC to indicate that the process of creating lines is
finished.
Figure 8. Profile
of one of the disks around the pipe
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From the Copy window, choose Lines and Translation . A
translation defined by points (0, 11) and (15, 11) will be made. In the Multiple
copies option, enter 8 (the number of copies to be added to the
original). Select the lines that have just been drawn.
Figure 9. The
profile of the disks using Multiple copies
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Choose Line , located in Geometry
Create
Straight
line. Select the last point on the profile (at the right part of the
profile) using the option Join Ctrl-a ,which is in the Contextual
menu in the mouse menu. Now choose the option No join Ctrl-a . Enter
point (200, 11). Press ESC to finish the process of creating lines.
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Again, choose the Line option and enter points (0, 9) and (200, 9).
Press ESC to conclude the process of creating lines (Figure 10).
Figure 10.
Creating the lines of the profile
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Figure 11. Copy of
the vertical line segment starting at the origin of coordinates
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From the Copy window, choose Lines and Translation . As
the first and second points of the translation, enter the points indicated in
Figure 11. Click Select and select the vertical line segment starting at
the origin of coordinates. Press ESC .
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Choose Geometry
Edit
Intersection
Multiple
lines. Select the last two lines created and the vertical line segment
coming down from the tangential center (see Figure 12). Press ESC .
Figure 12.
Selecting the lines to intersect
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Choose Geometry
Delete
All
Types . (This tool may also be found in the GiD Toolbox.) Select the
lines and points beyond the vertical that passes through the tangential center.
Press ESC . They will be deleted and the result should look like that
shown in Figure 13.
Figure 13. Profile
of the pipe and the auxiliary lines
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Creating the volume by revolution
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Rotation of the profile will be carried out in two rotations of 180 degrees
each. This way, the figure will be defined by a greater number of points.
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From the Copy window, select Lines and Rotation . Enter an
angle of 180 degrees and from the Do extrude menu, select Surfaces
. The axis of rotation is that defined by the line that goes from point (0, 0)
to point (200, 0). Enter these two points as the First Point and Second
Point . Be sure to enter 1 in Multiple Copies .
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Click Select. For an improved view when selecting the profile, click Off
the “aux” layer. Press ESC when the selection is finished. The result
should be that illustrated in Figure 14.
Figure 14. Result
of the first step in the rotation (180 degrees)
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Repeat the process, this time entering an angle of –180 degrees.
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To return to the side view (elevation), choose Rotate
Plane
XY .
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Choose Render
Flat from the
mouse menu to visualize a more realistic version of the model. Return to the
normal visualization with Render
Normal
. This option is more comfortable to work with.
Figure 15. The
pipe with disks, created by rotating the profile.
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NOTE : To select the profile once the first rotation has been performed,
first select all the lines and then delete those that do not form the profile.
Use the option Rotate
Trackball from
the mouse menu to rotate the model and make the process of selection easier.
Creating the union of the main pipes
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Choose the Zoom In option from the mouse menu. Magnify the right end of
the model.
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Make sure the "aux" layer is visible.
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From the Copy window, select Lines and Rotation . Enter an
angle of 120 degrees and from the Do extrude menu, select Surfaces
. Since the rotation may be done in 2D, choose the option Two Dimensions
. The center of the rotation is the tangential center.
Figure 16. The
magnified right end of the model, and the lines to be selected
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Click Select and select the four lines that define the right end of the
pipe (see Figure 16). Press ESC when the selection is finished.
Figure 17. Result
of the rotation
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From the Copy window, select Surfaces and Rotation . Enter
an angle of -60 degrees. Since the rotation may be done in 2D, choose the Two
Dimensions option. The center of the rotation is the intersection of
the axes, namely point (200, 0). Ensure the Do Extrude menu is set to No
.
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Click Select and select all the surfaces except those defining the elbow
of the pipe. Press ESC when the selection is finished.
Figure 18.
Geometry of the two pipes and the auxiliary lines
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Creating the end of the pipe
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From the Copy window, select Surfaces and Rotation . Enter
an angle of 180 degrees. Since the rotation may be done in 2D, choose the
option Two Dimensions . The center of rotation is the upper right point
of the pipe elbow. Make sure the Do Extrude menu is set to No .
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Click Select and select the surfaces that join the two pipe sections.
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In the Move window, select Surfaces and Translation . The
points defining the translation vector are circled in Figure 19.
Figure 19. The
circled points define the translation vector.
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Click Select and select the surfaces to be moved. Press ESC. The
result should be as is shown in Figure 20.
Figure 20. The
final position of the translated elbow.
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Choose Geometry
Create
NURBS
Surface
By contour and select
the four lines that define the opening of the pipe (Figure 21). Press ESC
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From the Files menu, choose Save in order to save the file. Enter
a name for the file and click Save .
Figure 21. Opening
at the end of the pipe
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